PRECESSIONAL CONSTANT DEMONSTRATED

Before demonstrating the unmistakable fact of the precession inherent in the cosmological time cycles, let us show the readers how the British translators of the Surya-Siddhanta made fools of themselves when they wrote:

    To make such a division accurate, the year ought to be tropical, and not the sidereal; but the author of the Surya-Siddhanta has not yet begun to take into account the precession.........The earliest Hindu astronomers were ignorant of, or ignored, the periodical motion of the equinoxes........
Again this opinion is in error. If Burgess and Whitney were not so blinded by arrogance and conceit they might have been able to improve their knowledge by careful study of the Surya-Siddhanta. The precession is clearly derived from the cosmological time cycles as shown below. The chatur-yuga of 4,320,000 years is the unit of reference for determining the rate of precession used in the construction of the Hindu cosmological time cycles.

The constant rate of precession is 50".4 = 0° .014 =   7 / 500 degrees or precession per sidereal year.

This is the same as one degree of precession in 71 3 / 7 = 71.42857  ......sidereal years.

This correlates to the cosmological time cycles as follows :
 
 

1 MANU = 71.4 chatur yuga
1 / 14th of an introductory dawn = 0.02857... chatur yuga
1 / 14th Kalpa = 71.42857... chatur yuga

In the interval of 1 / 1 4th kalpa there are :

( 71 3 / 7 ) x 4,320,000 x 0°.014 =  4,320,000 degrees of precession = 12,000 precessional years 

From table one we see that a period of one chatur yuga is 4,320,000 years and is equivalent to 12,000 divine years.

Other related values of interest are :
 

1 precessional year = 25,714 2 / 7 sidereal years
7 precessional years = 180,000 sidereal years
7 x 24 = 168 precessional years = 1 chatur yuga
168,000 precessional years = 1 kalpa
( 4,320,000 /168 ) x 0.014 = 360 degrees
 
DERIVATION OF THE TROPICAL YEAR
        In a chatur yuga, there are : 
            4,320,000 sidereal years = 4,320,000 + 168 tropical years
           
            where 168 is the number of precessional years. Therefore,

          1 tropical year = ( 4,320,000 x ( 366.2563795...  - 1 )) / 4,320,168

                 = 365.2421756... mean solar days
It has been shown conclusively that the Hindu Cosmological time cycles are based upon the diurnal motion of the Earth in reference to any particular fixed star, hence it is purely of sidereal origin. The later practice of adopting the ahargana or "heap of days" is based upon solar and civil day reckoning which is of obvious practical value for calendrics. The sidereal basis of the cosmological time cycles ii without question the oldest known positive proof of the origin for the sexagesimal number system.